Thursday, June 17, 2010

Minerals and their Significance to a Human Body

Minerals and their Significance to a Human Body

Mineral Elements Sources Significance Effects of deficiency.
Macro Elements
Calcium(Ca)# Milk, cereals, Cheese, Green Vegetables. Required for formation of teeth and Bones , blood clotting, function of nerves and muscles Weak theeth and bones ; retarded body growth.
Phosphorus(P) Weak theeth and bones ; retarded body growth and physiology.
Sulphur(S) Many protiens of food. Component of many amino acids. Distributed protein metabolism.
Pottassium(K) Meat, milk, cereals,fruits and vegetables. Required for acid-base balance, water regulation nad function of nerevs.. Low blood pressure, weak muscles; risk of paralysis..
Chlorine(Cl) Table salt Required for acid base balance; component of gastric juice. Loss of appetite; muscles cramps
Magnesium(Mg) Cereals, green vegetables. Cofactor of many enzymes of glycolysis anda number of another metabolic reactions dependent upon ATP Irregularties of metabolism principally affecting nervous functions.
Iron(Fe) Meat, eggs , cereals, green vegetables. Component of haemoglobin and cytochromes. Anaemia, weakness and weak immunity.
Iodine(I) Milk, cheese, sea food, iodized salt important component of thyroxine hormone Goitre, Cretinism
Micro Elements
Fluorine(F) Drinking water, tea , sea food Maintence of bones and teeth. Weak theeth, larger amount causes motting of teeth.
Zinc(Zn) Cereals, Milk, eggs, meat, sea food Cofactor of digestive and many other enzymes Retarded growth, anaemia, rough skin, weak immunity and fertility
Copper(Cu) Meat, dry fruits , POds , Green vegetables, sea food Cofactor of cytochrome oxidase enzyme.Necessary for iron metabolism and development of blood vessels and connective tissues Anaemia,weak blood vessels and connective tissues
Manganese(MN) Dry fruits, cereals,tea fruits and green vegetables Cofactor of some enzymes of urea synthesis and transfer of phosphate group Irregular growth of bones, cartilages and connective tissues
Cobalt(Co) MIlk, cheese, meat Important component of vitamin B12 Anaemia
Selenium(SE) Meat, cereals, sea food Cofactor of many enzymes; assists vitamin E Muscular pain; weakness of cardiac muscles
Chromium(CR) Yeast, sea food, meat, some vegetables Important for catabolic metabolism Irregularities of catabolic meatbolism and ATP production
Molybdenum(MO) Cereals, pods, some vegetables Cofactor of some enzymes Irregular excreation of nitrogenous waste products
Vitamin Chemical Name Properties Deficiency disease
A Retinol General health giving vitamin, can be stored liver Night blindness
B1 Thiamine For Growth, carbohydrate metabolism, functioning of heart Beri-Beri
B2 Riboflavin For Keeping skin and mouth healthy Cheilosis
B5 Niacin For healthy skin, sound mental health Pellagra
B6 Pyridoxine Processing of proteins and for nervous system Convulsions in child
B12 Cynacobalamin Required for formation and maturation of RBCs Pernicious anaemia
C Ascorbic Acid For keeping teeth , gums and joints healthy .Gets destroyed on heating Scurvy
D Calciferol For normal bones and teeth, can be stored in liver Rickets
E Tocopherol For normal reproduction , removes scars and wrincles Sterility
K Phylloquinone For normal clotting of blood Haemophilia

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